Amending the Soil
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Soil amendment preserves moisture, improves infiltration of rain or irrigation water, and “unlocks” existing nutrients in the soil. With this practice, nutrients are more readily absorbed into the soil and fewer run-offs take place.
One of the things to be considered in amending the soil is checking the PH level the correct soil pH is essential for optimum plant growth. Lime and sulfur are common amendments used to balance soil pH. pH is defined as measure of the soil acidity or alkalinity. The scale goes from 1.0 to 14.0, with 7.0 being neutral. The lesser the numbers go from 7.0, the more acidic the soil. The higher they go above 7.0, the more alkaline. The reason why soil pH should be taken into consideration is that nutrients in the soil are only available to plants if the soil pH is within a certain range. One myth which is not true, about all plants- is that many plants like a pH in the low acid to neutral range (6.2 – 6.8),
There are several types of amendments that are available for a gardener. Just like with the use of ashes. Using wood ashes increases soil pH, but you must apply twice as much ash as limestone for the same effect. It should be applied in a thin layer and be incorporated it into the soil. In using this method, the PH shall be checked yearly.
Greensand and granite meal are sources of potassium. Amendments like these two are added specially to improve soil nutrient levels. Granite meal is finely ground granite rock which releases its potassium slowly. Greensand is moderately low in potassium, which is readily dissolved. Other nutritional amendments that can be purchased for garden use include cottonseed meal, kelp and other synthetic fertilizers.
The most commonly used amendment is animal manure. Fresh horse, sheep, rabbit, and poultry manures are reasonably high in nitrogen and may burn plants if applied directly to a growing garden. They are best applied in the fall and tilled under.
One should always bear in mind that soil is the base for plant growth, and a great deal of attention should be paid to getting and keeping the soil in its best condition.